The Many Health Benefits of Dogs As Pets

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According to studies, having a dog as a companion could add years to your life. One study concluded that owning a dog played a significant role on survival rates in heart attack victims. In another one of these studies, patients were evaluated for one year after they had been admitted to the hospital. It was discovered by Researchers that the patients who were alive one year after having a heart attack were more likely to own a dog.

The Many Health Benefits of Dogs As Pets

In terms of determining the patient's likelihood of long-term survival, another study that focused on the top psychological factors that contributed to the recovery of patients with heart-disease, ranked pet ownership on top. Studies have also shown dogs can have a soothing influence that in turn helps to keep blood pressure levels in a healthy range. [1]

Dr Deborah Wells a psychologist from Queen's University, Belfast, writing in the British Journal of Health Psychology said dog owners tended to have lower blood pressure and cholesterol. After reviewing dozens of earlier research papers which explored the health benefits of pet ownership she confirmed that pet owners tended in general to be healthier than the average member of the population.

However, her research suggested that dog ownership produced more positive influence than cat ownership. As well as lower blood pressure and cholesterol, she said dog-owners suffered fewer minor ailments and serious medical problems. There was also the suggestion that dogs could aid recovery from serious illnesses such as heart attacks, and act as 'early warning' to detect an approaching epileptic seizure. [2]

In fact, the State University of New York at Buffalo conducted a study which involved 24 stockbrokers that were taking prescription medication for high blood pressure. Researchers determined that adding a dog or cat to the stock brokers' lives helped stabilize and even reduce their levels of stress.

In other research conducted by the University of Missouri-Columbia studies suggested that there are hormonal changes that occur when humans and dogs interact which could help people cope with depression and certain stress-related disorders. Apparently the simple act of taking a few minutes to pet your dog prompts a release of a number of "feel good" hormones in humans, including serotonin, prolactin and oxytocin.

Other studies showed that the presence of animals, especially dogs, helped to reduce the anxiety of people confronting stressful situations, such as dental surgery. Separate studies reported that walking a dog can not only contribute to a person's weight loss but can also be a catalyst for interaction with other people, which can help improve a person's sense of well-being.

Most studies show therapy using dogs to be one of the most cost-effective methods of helping people suffering from emotional challenges and state that people living without pets are exposed to "more persistent fears, increased feelings of panic, experience more frequent headaches and take more medication for stress-induced illnesses than pet owners".

In fact the Siskin Hospital in Tennessee has a "Pet Therapy" program to assist in rehabilitation. They state: "The Pet Therapy Program uses carefully screened dogs and cats as an integral part of physical, speech, recreational and occupational therapies to address treatment goals including improving range of motion, strength and endurance, balance, mobility, and sensation. In addition to the physical benefits of pet therapy, patients form a connection with the animal; reducing stress and building self-esteem through the animals' unconditional acceptance". [3]

So next time you start feeling stressed out or overwhelmed go spend some time with your dog and if you don't have a dog you may want to consider getting one. Maybe you can get your doctor to prescribe a dog for you and get your health insurance to pay for it. Just kidding.

Information Sources:

[1] http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2004/11/17/dogs-health.aspx

[2] http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/6279701.stm

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Optimize Your Photography Website For Google

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Optimize your photography website with these simple tips.

Optimize Your Photography Website For Google

Optimizing your website for Google can seem like a daunting task, but if you take your time to put your site together and always think of how Google is going to look at your new window to the world, you'll soon be on your way to a high Page Rank. First and foremost, you want to determine what your theme is going to be for your website. Are you going to share with the world all there is on how to take photos of cats? Maybe you want to have broader appeal and include all animals. Just remember, the more focused you are, the better you are able to bring your website to the forefront of the search results. David Hobby and his Strobist.com website is a great example of focusing on one particular aspect of photography, lighting with small portable flash. As of this writing, Hobby now has 200,000 mostly amateur photographers as devoted readers. His site attracts 1.6 million page views a month. His reported income is close to six figures, after only a mere 8 months.

So in thinking about your theme, it should always express the particular niche you have chosen for your website. One example is to have your title description describe your site. An example would be if you live in Cleveland and are promoting stock photography, you might want your title to not only have your website name, but the the following, "Stock photographer in Cleveland, Ohio". Now that's just a simple example, but you get the idea

Next, you have to have unique, relevant content. If you don't have unique content, Google will likely never find it or rank it so low that you'll never get eyeballs to your page. Just ripping content from the pages of others, will probably not be a big help to your ranking either. Admittedly, when first starting out, you'll need to have something on your site or no one will show up. EzineArticles.com, is a good source for content and it's free to use provided you follow their simple rules. Once you start adding your own content, you can also submit your articles to EzineArticles to generate traffic back to your own site from other sites with similar interests.

Some ideas for adding content:

Create top 10 lists - I.E. The top 10 best celebrity photographers

Tips and Tricks

A Blog

Educate users on a particular aspect of photography, like Photoshop or using a program like Aperture.

Next you want to think about how keywords will be used throughout the article. If you are sharing information on how to shoot fourth of July fireworks, you would want to have keywords relevant to this type of shooting. Don't forget to add a title and a heading (Using the tag) to the page, such as "How to Photograph Firework Displays" This will help Google determine the topic of your article. The Page Title is the most important tag you can use for search ranking. Meta tags used to be the big "Must have" for your page, but people abused this to the point of being less useful for your pages.

When publishing images within your articles, it is extremely important to use alt tags , example (alt="Serengeti Plain") This gives the viewer a description of your image as well as allows your image to come up in image search results on Google. If you're bored, you can play Google's Image Labeler Game. Many gallery programs you use will have the option to add a description to your image, along with the name. Make sure you do this along with making the file name relevant to the image. I know I'm really bad about having images on my gallery with a name like DSC_1234. It's easier to start on the right foot, rather than try to change names and descriptions later.

You can also think about adding a forum, which will also be populated with unique content. Just be careful to not populate forums with content from RSS feeds as it really discourages people from participating.

Next you want to have other sites linking into you, but it's not just a matter of having them throw up a link, it's what they say about your links that's important. Here on PiQFire.com, we love to link to others, but we prefer to do it in the context of a story or feature as this helps both sites. Us with content and the others get a link back that has content specific to their site. What others say about your site is really important.

These are basics and hopefully this will give you a starting point on your way to getting your photography noticed on the web. For more info check out the book, "Getting Noticed on Google in Easy Steps"

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Emu Oil And The Effects On Skin Rashes

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What is a skin rash? A skin rash is an unpleasant broken form on the the skin that is irritated to to point that it is damaging the skin itself. During the point of damage it can continue to to keep damaging itself due to its own damage it is creating. It can be a particular nasty skin condition, skin rashes and there are varying types depending on conditions and environments and different types of bacteria.

Emu Oil And The Effects On Skin Rashes

Not well known but slowly getting increasingly known is the effects of emu oil on skin rashes. Not only does it reduce the rashes condition but has been shown to reduce the itching and swelling as well. This is mainly because emu oil has this amazing ability to penetrate deeply into the skin. Also because it is also naturally a good natural anti inflammatory as well as a natural anti bacterial. Because it penetrates deeply it gets to the places needed more effectively than other substances.

I'm not saying that your rash isn't needing medical attention, but using emu oil on the rash as well as any medicine is effective quick removal. How ever if the rash is small emu oil has been shown to remove it completely effectively in many studies. In conclusion t is always good to have a bottle of emu oil in your bathroom for needed times. Vets and animal doctors have also noticed the effective results on animals such as dogs and cats in the treatment for skin rash and the effects on the animals skin.

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Japanese Anime Cartoon

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When we, as Japanese hear the term, Japanese Anime Cartoon, we get this funny feeling. Perhaps, it is the cartoon part that is not wrapping the anime part in the right way. Since we only used the terms like Manga and Anime, perhaps the new term, Cartoon, is not something we are used to.However, there are so many factors as to why this term give us this special feelings.

Japanese Anime Cartoon

I know that this is just an expression that is different, not the subject itself, but when you say Japanese Cartoon, it sounds less animated in the sense, which I have to apologize if that offend someone. On the contrary, if you say Japanese Animation, that could mean, it is created in a rich form of art. That is probably not an impression that more of Americans or Europeans are getting toward Japanese Animation Cartoons.

By definitions, the difference between Anime and Cartoon are as follows. The anime, coming from animation, points out to all the Japanese animations as oppose to Cartoon being the topical satire comics.

Therefore, there are still Cartoons out there that are also Japanese Anime, and I suppose we call them Japanese Anime Cartoons. So, I should not even make any difference in that matter, but that is just a definition. The real feeling towards those words in terminology is somewhat different from Japanese perspective.

Anime and Cartoon are two separate things. I know this sounds a little strange for some people who are not used to the cultural differences. But, the little difference like this could make a huge difference in the large picture.

I am sure there are terms in English that are so close but they are in slightly in different meanings. So for instance, if Dragon Ball is playing on Cartoon Network, it looks and sounds kind of funny. However, something like PowerPuffGirls being Cartoon is more suitable from our perspective.

Japan's anime like Inuyasha or Bleach are the great unleashed animation cartoons. This is due to the fact that they are not only good and fun to read comics, but sometimes, they can represent our Japanese culture in further degree and can be an animation after all.

I know some people in the states do not understand what I am talking about, but those of you who are getting what I mean, please keep in mind that next time you are getting pictures, images, or wallpapers of characters from galleries, Japanese seldom refer them to as Japanese Anime Cartoon. We prefer to use the term, Japanese Anime, Manga, or Animations. Think of the term Cartoon only applies to the animation made by non-Japanese creators. Well, at the end, what we call them does not really matter, but the quality of the Anime or Cartoon is what counts.

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Berlin City: A Nice Destination

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A town of Hartford County, Connecticut, United States, Berlin City is a residential and industrial spot having a population of 18,215. Encompassing the hamlet of Kensington, This city has enough of educational institutions. Despite being a small town, it happens to be a nice blend of historical and modern features. Three elementary and two middle schools are enough to serve the purpose of making the growing generation knowledgeable.

Berlin City: A Nice Destination

This city displays quite a unique blend of commerce and community. It is a hub of many international companies like AT&T and Utilities and Bayer Corporation. With the advent of renowned business houses in the city, Berlin has been quite able to display its New England Charm. It renders a quality life to its inhabitants. Being a hub of regional highway network and educated people, this city has become very prominent in the world map in terms of both social and business development.

Berlin has done quite a commendable job in retaining the professionals by offering them an option of home ownership. This way the community is maintained and is quite able to develop with encouragement through civic participation and town wide activities. So a great place to live and do business.

As for the attractions, Checkered Flag Raceway is a perfect place to arrange a birthday party. This place is full of fun and excitement. New Britain Youth Museum at Hungerford Park is another interesting spot. It features exotic animals, trail system and several other thrilling elements. Berlin Fair features abundance of events. You will find the Berlin nightlife at par with that of any other big city.

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History of Bonsai

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First origin

History of Bonsai

Bonsai first appeared in China over a thousand years ago, where it was the practice of growing single specimen trees in pots because it was considered as an expression of the harmony between heaven and earth, man and nature. These early specimens displayed sparse foliage and rugged, gnarled trunks that often looked like animals, dragons and birds. Through growing a bonsai plant a person experiences a new rhythm of the seasons, and nurtures within him the power of creativity as he shapes and miniaturizes his trees. No doubt, cultivating a bonsai tree requires some care and attention, but as a reward it brings tranquility to the mind, a feeling of being refreshed and, inner peace.

Travel to Japan

Many years later with Japan's adoption of many cultural trademarks of China - bonsai was also taken up. Once bonsai was introduced into Japan, the art was refined to an extent not yet approached in China. The word bonsai also is actually taken from a Japanese word 'pun-sai' which means a tree planted in a container without any landscape. But over time, the simple trees were not just confined to the Buddhist monks and their monasteries, but were also introduced to be representative of the aristocracy, a symbol of prestige and honor. For the Japanese, bonsai represented a fusion of strong ancient beliefs with the Eastern philosophies of the harmony between man, the soul and nature. The 'Japanese elite' also brought bonsai indoors for display at special times.

Evolution as an art form

Over time, bonsai began to take on different styles. Finally, in the mid-19th century, Japan opened itself up to the rest of the world. Word soon spread from travelers who visited Japan of the miniature trees in ceramic containers which mimicked aged, mature, tall trees in nature. Due to this phenomenal upsurge in the demand for bonsai, the now widely expanding industry and lack of naturally-forming, stunted plants led to the commercial production of bonsai by artists through training young plants to grow to look like bonsai. Several basic styles were adopted, and artists made use of wire, bamboo skewers and growing techniques to do this - allowing the art to evolve even further. The Japanese learnt to capitalize on the interest in this art form very quickly - opening up nurseries dedicated solely to grow, train and then export bonsai trees. Different plants were now being used to cater for worldwide climates and to produce neater foliage and more suitable growth habits

Importance as of today

In Japan today, bonsai are highly regarded as a symbol of their culture and ideals. The New Year is not complete unless the tokonoma - the special niche in every Japanese home used for the display of ornaments and prized possessions - is filled with a blossoming apricot or plum tree. Bonsai is no longer reserved for the upper class, but is a joy shared by executive and factory worker alike. These complex plants are no longer permanently reserved for outdoor display but have become an important part of the life of all by being displayed on specially designed shelves.

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Listen to Learn - Create Quizzes With Sounds

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You can learn a lot when you listen!

Listen to Learn - Create Quizzes With Sounds

Sound quizzes stimulate young minds. This activity encourages learners to use their sense of hearing to interpret the world around them. That is where a sound quiz helps!

If you are a language teacher of English, Chinese or any other, you should use spelling tests a lot for frequently misspelled words. For tutors who are giving music lessons, they need to incorporate audio clips into the testing content. As you teach ear training to your students, you need to present a specific sound in your quiz.

Then where to start making a sound quiz? A lot of people may give you the answer: Macromedia Flash. But it sounds more good than practical. Without any Flash programming experience or a tech guy' help, it could be a task impossible to be completed.

Fortunately, technology is made easy these days. If you dig into the web, you can find some, although few, teacher-friendly tools that can do this for you, making testing with sound without the need of any multimedia production expertise. We may call it "What you see is what you get".

In the market of educational software, such kind of tools is available now. You can design professionally-looking quiz in an easy way.

View this example from BBC.

This is sound quiz to recognize and indentify animals by listening to the sounds they make.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/programmes/tv/wilddownunder/soundquiz/

Or other quizzes with songs, voice-over, or sound-based news reports .

http://www.sameshow.com/quiz-creator/sample.html

Basically, you can either import audio, music or sounds, for your quiz or just record a narration.

Here are some clever tips of using an audio quiz tool QuizCreator to create sound-based quizzes.

http://www.sameshow.com/quiz-creator/article.php?id=40

Unlike Macromedia Flash, with minutes of getting familiar with the tool, you are able to make Flash quizzes in different question types and insert audio clips to the questions. That also means that the sound become an integrated part of the quiz and you not have to worry about broken link to the audio clip when you play it on different computers or with different browser settings.

Now you can use this tool to create sound quizzes at your own for your language, music or sound-related training classes.

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Latex Condoms - Are They Really Safe?

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Whenever anybody talks about safe sex, the only one thing that comes to our minds is the use of condoms. There is nothing to be embarrassed about this. After all, the whole creation on this earth is the outcome of sex between the two members of the opposite sex. So, lets talk about the use of condoms to have safe sex.

Latex Condoms - Are They Really Safe?

If you use a latex condom correctly and consistently, and avoid sexual practices then you are lowering the risk of contracting AIDS and other STDs like chlamydia infections, genital herpes, gonorrhea, veneral warts and syphilis. But this does not mean that condoms will completely eliminate your risk of contracting these highly contagious diseases.
Sometimes, these condoms are made of animal membrane and the pores in such natural SKIN condoms may allow the HIV (AIDS virus) to pass through. So, this is the reason why latex condoms are highly recommended.

Conditions for Safe Sex

1. the condom you are using should be undamaged

2. apply it before the genital contact

3. remain intact until the condom is removed on completion of the sexual activity

4. extra lubrication (or with lubricated condoms) is recommended to prevent condom breakage

5. only water-based lubricants should be used as oil-based lubricants can cause breakage of condom

Female Condoms

A female condom will reduce the risk of contracting an STD. It is said that most of the female-directed contraception like contraceptive pills, do not provide that much protection against STDs. But some studies claim that the use of the spermicide nonoxynol-9 decreases the frequency of some of the STDs like gonorrhea and chlamydial infection.

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Benefits of the Martial Arts Training

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The ultimate goal in the martial arts does not lie in victory, but in the perfection of the character of its participants. The perfection of one's character is at the core. Many people seek martial arts training with violence in mind. Some people are afraid and wish to learn to defend themselves, others are angry and wish to learn to beat people up. In either case, they are unlikely to commit to their training long enough to learn anything, so one who would study the martial arts must purge himself of selfish and evil thoughts, for only with a clear conscience can he understand that which he receives.

Benefits of the Martial Arts Training

A proper training in the martial arts has many benefits . It can improve physical fitness, self-confidence, focus and discipline.

Although most of the benefits of martial arts training are internal and mental rather than external and physical, the most apparent benefit is the improvement of the practitioner's physical fitness. Martial Arts training is a great way to improve the fitness, working every muscle in the body. Punching is great for your arms ,backs and shoulders; kicking is great for toning and strengthening the backs and fronts of your legs, and your bum too. Martial arts training can be practiced by the young and old . That is, there is no need for a special training place, equipment, or an opponent, and flexibility in training is provided. Through training, the physically and spiritually weak individual can develop his mind and body gradually and naturally. When practicing, muscles of the practitioner are working together in total harmony, allowing the human body to function with greater efficiency. The poor physical condition in today comes from the imbalance of engaging in inefficient exercises that isolate certain body parts. On the other hand, with their goal of increased efficiency of movement, the martial arts develop all muscles simultaneously as part of the training.

Another benefit of martial arts training is the increased self-confidence . Martial Arts are great for improving self confidence, which happens through two areas. As people progress through the belt ranks, their belief and confidence grows, for competency breeds confidence. And by learning to defend themselves they feel more secure which greatly improves self confidence. A person with a great deal of self-confidence is more likely to make their opinion known, more likely to stand up for themselves. A high self confidence is also an effective form of self-defense, as a person who carries themselves with pride is less likely to be a victim than one who is timidly creeping along, hoping no one notices them.

The important thing in the training of the martial arts is improving the ability to focus. After all if the practitioner can not concentrate they won't be able to learn. In training, people should focus their eyes, focus their mind, and focus their body, which will greatly improve their focus and concentration.

Martial arts are a mental discipline with a physical approach. Part of the ongoing challenge is to have your mind and body work together and think while you are moving

There are almost as many kinds of martial arts as there are cultures in the world. The most famous are those created by the Asian peoples, such as Kung Fu, Karate, and Tae Kwon Do, but the Asians do not have a monopoly on the martial arts and every country has its own styles. Even with so many different martial arts in the world, each with its own unique philosophies, the benefits remain the same throughout. With an average training time of two hours, two or three times a week, the benefits to training in a martial art far outweigh the costs. Martial arts strives internally to train the mind to develop a clear conscience, enabling one to face the world honestly, while externally developing strength to the point where one may overcome ferocious wild animals.

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Recipes - An Overview

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A big difference between a human and an animal is their eating habits that are entirely changed. Animals can eat anything that is usually offered by their owner. On the other hand, if we talk about human being their case is totally different. They love to eat and they wish to eat what they can also enjoy. Different experimentation on food is the result of this great interest that man has in eating. As a result various recipes are introduced.

Recipes - An Overview

A recipe is basically an instructional set that directs a person in the preparation of any specific food, drink or dish. The fundamental purpose behind a recipe is to offer a precise guideline of ingredients and their specific amounts for readers' convenience in the preparation of various food items.

Here in this article, I will explain you the three basic components of a recipe. First are the ingredients that involve all those essential items that are used in the making of a recipe. Second important component involve the amount of various items used in a recipe. Third important part involves all those instructions that can help in the making of any specific recipe. Remember a well planned and written recipe always uses to list down ingredient sin an orderly manner.

This order all depends on the instructions followed in preparation. A good recipe always tells the users proper pan size, amount of various ingredients and temperature of cooking. If all these instructions are carefully told to the readers there will be more chances of success in producing great taste and texture. It is poor choice to use abbreviations or short forms of items in a recipe. Actually it is not essential that everyone gets it in a right way. Moreover, many people are not well aware about several short forms. Many professionals in the art of cooking also include several variations as well as the proper method to store any dish for a long time.

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Norwegian Buhund - Facts You Must Know Before Adopting A Norwegian Buhund

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Breed Description

Norwegian Buhund - Facts You Must Know Before Adopting A Norwegian Buhund

The Norwegian Buhund is a lightly-built herding dog that belongs to the spitz family. This compact dog is a farm dog that originated in Norway. This well-balanced breed weighs between 26-40 pounds, and stands around 16-17 inches tall.

Coat

The Norwegian Buhund has a double coat that has a smooth but harsh top coat, and a thick, soft, and woolly inner coat. Commonly seen coat color is wheaten, that may range from light shades of cream, to orange or yellowish red. There can also be wolf sable or black coats that can be seen.

Activity

Being a working dog, the Norwegian Buhund requires a great deal of exercise. This affectionate breed is very loving of family, and will always be eager to cuddle or lick their owner. Children makes wonderful companion for this playful breed as they do great with children of all ages. However, strangers will always be ignored or even barked if perceived as threat. It is a good thing that this breed is never aggressive, and if trained, this breed will be happy and controlled.

Overview

This intelligent and independent Norwegian Buhund is friendly and fun-loving. They generally get along well with both people and animals. These gentle dogs are great for both young and elderly.

Care

The Norwegian Buhund has sleek top coat with a naturally dirt-shedding fur. These dogs clean themselves like a cat, and will therefore require minimum care. Brushing can be done once weekly to keep the coat clean and neat, and to get rid of dead hair. These heavy shedders should be brushed daily during shedding season. Ears should be cleaned regularly and nails be clipped short.

Training

The Norwegian Buhund is a highly trainable breed. These active dogs require a great deal of attention from their owners. These dogs are known to bark if they want to send a message, and will therefore make great alarm dogs. This breed needs obedience training to ensure that they will be well-mannered as time goes by. As this breed has the inclination to be strong-minded, dog trainers should always be firm and consistent, yet gentle. They should be able to acquire the authority and the title of being the pack leader in this breed. As this breed loves to be around their family, the most effective punishment for bad behavior is ignoring them. As with the other entire breed of dogs, training should emphasize a lot of praise and positive reinforcement.

Character

The alert and curious Norwegian Buhund is agile, energetic, and quick learners. These athletic dogs are skilled in dog sports and other athletic activities. They are naturally friendly, and are found to be playful. They generally get along greatly with people and other animals. These dogs are lively and watchful, having the skill to learn very quickly. These energetic breed loves to be involved in sports.

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The Measure of Beauty Created in Nature - The Golden Ratio

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Allah has appointed a measure for all things. (Surat at-Talaq, 3)

The Measure of Beauty Created in Nature - The Golden Ratio

... You will not find any flaw in the creation of the All-Merciful. Look again-do you see any gaps? Then look again and again. Your sight will return to you dazzled and exhausted! (Surat al-Mulk, 3-4)

... If a pleasing or exceedingly balanced form is achieved in terms of elements of application or function, then we may look for a function of the Golden Number there ... The Golden Number is a product not of mathematical imagination, but of a natural principle related to the laws of equilibrium. (1)

What do the pyramids in Egypt, Leonardo do Vinci's portrait of the Mona Lisa, sunflowers, the snail, the pine cone and your fingers all have in common?

The answer to this question lies hidden in a sequence of numbers discovered by the Italian mathematician Fibonacci. The characteristic of these numbers, known as the Fibonacci numbers, is that each one consists of the sum of the two numbers before it. (2)

L. Pisano Fibonacci
Fibonacci numbers

0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144, 233, 377, 610, 987, 1597, 2584, ...

Fibonacci numbers have an interesting property. When you divide one number in the sequence by the number before it, you obtain numbers very close to one another. In fact, this number is fixed after the 13th in the series. This number is known as the "golden ratio."

GOLDEN RATIO = 1.618

233 / 144 = 1.618

377 / 233 = 1.618

610 / 377 = 1.618

987 / 610 = 1.618

1597 / 987 = 1.618

2584 / 1597 = 1.618

THE HUMAN BODY AND THE GOLDEN RATIO

When conducting their researches or setting out their products, artists, scientists and designers take the human body, the proportions of which are set out according to the golden ratio, as their measure. Leonardo da Vinci and Le Corbusier took the human body, proportioned according to the golden ratio, as their measure when producing their designs. The human body, proportioned according to the golden ratio, is taken as the basis also in the Neufert, one of the most important reference books of modern-day architects.

Leonardo da Vinci used the golden ratio in setting out the proportions of the human body.

THE GOLDEN RATIO IN THE HUMAN BODY

The "ideal" proportional relations that are suggested as existing among various parts of the average human body and that approximately meet the golden ratio values can be set out in a general plan as follows: (3)

The M/m level in the table below is always equivalent to the golden ratio. M/m = 1.618

The first example of the golden ratio in the average human body is that when the distance between the navel and the foot is taken as 1 unit, the height of a human being is equivalent to 1.618. Some other golden proportions in the average human body are:

The distance between the finger tip and the elbow / distance between the wrist and the elbow,
The distance between the shoulder line and the top of the head / head length,
The distance between the navel and the top of the head / the distance between the shoulder line and the top of the head,
The distance between the navel and knee / distance between the knee and the end of the foot.

The Human Hand

Lift your hand from the computer mouse and look at the shape of your index finger. You will in all likelihood witness a golden proportion there.

Our fingers have three sections. The proportion of the first two to the full length of the finger gives the golden ratio (with the exception of the thumbs). You can also see that the proportion of the middle finger to the little finger is also a golden ratio. (4)

You have two hands, and the fingers on them consist of three sections. There are five fingers on each hand, and only eight of these are articulated according to the golden number: 2, 3, 5, and 8 fit the Fibonacci numbers.

The Golden Ratio in the Human Face

There are several golden ratios in the human face. Do not pick up a ruler and try to measure people's faces, however, because this refers to the "ideal human face" determined by scientists and artists.

For example, the total width of the two front teeth in the upper jaw over their height gives a golden ratio. The width of the first tooth from the centre to the second tooth also yields a golden ratio. These are the ideal proportions that a dentist may consider. Some other golden ratios in the human face are:

Length of face / width of face,
Distance between the lips and where the eyebrows meet / length of nose,
Length of face / distance between tip of jaw and where the eyebrows meet,
Length of mouth / width of nose,
Width of nose / distance between nostrils,
Distance between pupils / distance between eyebrows.

Golden Proportion in the Lungs

In a study carried out between 1985 and 1987 (5), the American physicist B. J. West and Dr. A. L. Goldberger revealed the existence of the golden ratio in the structure of the lung. One feature of the network of the bronchi that constitutes the lung is that it is asymmetric. For example, the windpipe divides into two main bronchi, one long (the left) and the other short (the right). This asymmetrical division continues into the subsequent subdivisions of the bronchi. (6) It was determined that in all these divisions the proportion of the short bronchus to the long was always 1/1.618.

THE GOLDEN RECTANGLE AND THE DESIGN IN THE SPIRAL

A rectangle the proportion of whose sides is equal to the golden ratio is known as a "golden rectangle." A rectangle whose sides are 1.618 and 1 units long is a golden rectangle. Let us assume a square drawn along the length of the short side of this rectangle and draw a quarter circle between two corners of the square. Then, let us draw a square and a quarter circle on the remaining side and do this for all the remaining rectangles in the main rectangle. When you do this you will end up with a spiral.

The British aesthetician William Charlton explains the way that people find the spiral pleasing and have been using it for thousands of years stating that we find spirals pleasing because we are easily able to visually follow them. (7)

The spirals based on the golden ratio contain the most incomparable designs you can find in nature. The first examples we can give of this are the spiral sequences on the sunflower and the pine cone. In addition to this, an example of Almighty Allah's flawless creation and how He has created everything with a measure, the growth process of many living things also takes place in a logarithmic spiral form. The curves in the spiral are always the same and the main form never changes no matter their size. No other shape in mathematics possesses this property. (8)

The Design in Sea Shells

The flawless design in the nautilus shell contains the golden ratio.
When investigating the shells of the living things classified as mollusks, which live at the bottom of the sea, the form and the structure of the internal and external surfaces of the shells attracted the scientists' attention:

The internal surface is smooth, the outside one is fluted. The mollusk body is inside shell and the internal surface of shells should be smooth. The outside edges of the shell augment a rigidity of shells and, thus, increase its strength. The shell forms astonish by their perfection and profitability of means spent on its creation. The spiral's idea in shells is expressed in the perfect geometrical form, in surprising beautiful, "sharpened" design. (9)

The shells of most mollusks grow in a logarithmic spiral manner. There can be no doubt, of course, that these animals are unaware of even the simplest mathematical calculation, let alone logarithmic spirals. So how is it that the creatures in question can know that this is the best way for them to grow? How do these animals, that some scientists describe as "primitive," know that this is the ideal form for them? It is impossible for growth of this kind to take place in the absence of a consciousness or intellect. That consciousness exists neither in mollusks nor, despite what some scientists would claim, in nature itself. It is totally irrational to seek to account for such a thing in terms of chance. This design can only be the product of a superior intellect and knowledge, and belongs to Almighty Allah, the Creator of all things:

"My Lord encompasses all things in His knowledge so will you not pay heed?" (Surat al-An'am, 80)

Growth of this kind was described as "gnomic growth" by the biologist Sir D'Arcy Thompson, an expert on the subject, who stated that it was impossible to imagine a simpler system, during the growth of a seashell, than which was based on widening and extension in line with identical and unchanging proportions. As he pointed out, the shell constantly grows, but its shape remains the same. (10)

One can see one of the best examples of this type of growth in a nautilus, just a few centimetres in diameter. C. Morrison describes this growth process, which is exceptionally difficult to plan even with human intelligence, stating that along the nautilus shell, an internal spiral extends consisting of a number of chambers with mother-of-pearl lined walls. As the animal grows, it builds another chamber at the spiral shell mouth larger than the one before it, and moves forward into this larger area by closing the door behind it with a layer of mother-of-pearl. (11)

The scientific names of some other marine creatures with logarithmic spirals containing the different growth ratios in their shells are:

Haliotis Parvus, Dolium Perdix, Murex, Fusus Antiquus, Scalari Pretiosa, Solarium Trochleare.

Ammonites, extinct sea animals that are today found only in fossil form, too, had shells developing in logarithmic spiral form.

Growth in a spiral form in the animal world is not restricted to the shells of mollusks. Animals such as antelopes, goats and rams complete their horn development in spiral forms based on the golden ratio. (12)

The Golden Ratio in the Hearing and Balance Organ

The cochlea in the human inner ear serves to transmit sound vibrations. This bony structure, filled with fluid, has a logarithmic spiral shape with a fixed angle of ?=73°43´ containing the golden ratio.

Horns and Teeth That Grow in a Spiral Form

Examples of curves based on the logarithmic spiral can be seen in the tusks of elephants and the now-extinct mammoth, lions' claws and parrots' beaks. The eperia spider always weaves its webs in a logarithmic spiral. Among the micro-organisms known as plankton, the bodies of globigerinae, planorbis, vortex, terebra, turitellae and trochida are all constructed on spirals.

THE GOLDEN RATIO IN THE MICRO WORLD

Geometrical shapes are by no means limited to triangles, squares, pentagons or hexagons. These shapes can also come together in various ways and produce new three-dimensional geometrical shapes. The cube and the pyramid are the first examples that can be cited. In addition to these, however, there are also such three-dimensional shapes as the tetrahedron (with regular four faces), octahedron, dodecahedron and icosahedron, that we may never encounter in our daily lives and whose names we may never even have heard of. The dodecahedron consists of 12 pentagonal faces, and the icosahedron of 20 triangles. Scientists have discovered that these shapes can all mathematically turn into one another, and that this transformation takes place with ratios linked to the golden ratio.

Three-dimensional forms that contain the golden ratio are very widespread in micro-organisms. Many viruses have an icosahedron shape. The best known of these is the Adeno virus. The protein sheath of the Adeno virus consists of 252 protein subunits, all regularly set out. The 12 subunits in the corners of the icosahedron are in the shape of pentagonal prisms. Rod-like structures protrude from these corners.

The first people to discover that viruses came in shapes containing the golden ratio were Aaron Klug and Donald Caspar from Birkbeck College in London in the 1950s. The first virus they established this in was the polio virus. The Rhino 14 virus has the same shape as the polio virus.

Why is it that viruses have shapes based on the golden ratio, shapes that it is hard for us even to visualise in our minds? A. Klug, who discovered these shapes, explains:

My colleague Donald Caspar and I showed that the design of these viruses could be explained in terms of a generalization of icosahedral symmetry that allows identical units to be related to each other in a quasi-equivalent way with a small measure of internal flexibility. We enumerated all the possible designs, which have similarities to the geodesic domes designed by the architect R. Buckminster Fuller. However, whereas Fuller's domes have to be assembled following a fairly elaborate code, the design of the virus shell allows it to build itself. (14)

Klug's description once again reveals a manifest truth. There is a sensitive planning and intelligent design even in viruses, regarded by scientists as "one of the simplest and smallest living things." (15) This design is a great deal more successful than and superior to those of Buckminster Fuller, one of the world's most eminent architects.

The dodecahedron and icosahedron also appear in the silica skeletons of radiolarians, single-celled marine organisms.

Structures based on these two geometric shapes, like the regular dodecahedron with feet-like structures protruding from each corner, and the various formations on their surfaces make up the varying beautiful bodies of the radiolarians. (16)

As an example of these organisms, less than a millimetre in size, we may cite the icosahedron based Circigonia Icosahedra and the Circorhegma Dodecahedra with dodecahedron skeleton. (17)

The Golden Ratio in DNA

The molecule in which all the physical features of living things are stored, too, has been created in a form based on the golden ratio. The DNA molecule, the very program of life, is based on the golden ratio. DNA consists of two intertwined perpendicular helixes. The length of the curve in each of these helixes is 34 angstroms and the width 21 angstroms. (1 angstrom is one hundred millionth of a centimetre.) 21 and 34 are two consecutive Fibonacci numbers.

The Golden Ratio in Snow Crystals

The golden ratio also manifests itself in crystal structures. Most of these are in structures too minute to be seen with the naked eye. Yet you can see the golden ratio in snow flakes. The various long and short variations and protrusions that comprise the snow flake all yield the golden ratio. (18)

THE GOLDEN RATIO IN SPACE

In the universe there are many spiral galaxies containing the golden ratio in their structures.

The Golden Ratio in Physics

You encounter Fibonacci series and the golden ratio in fields that fall under the sphere of physics. When a light is held over two contiguous layers of glass, one part of that light passes through, one part is absorbed, and the rest is reflected. What happens is a "multiple reflection." The number of paths taken by the ray inside the glass before it emerges again depends on the number of reflections it is subjected to. In conclusion, when we determine the number of rays that re-emerge, we find that they are compatible with the Fibonacci numbers.

The fact that a great many unconnected animate or inanimate structures in nature are shaped according to a specific mathematical formula is one of the clearest proofs that these have been specially designed. The golden ratio is an aesthetic rule well known and applied by artists. Works of art based on that ratio represent aesthetic perfection. Plants, galaxies, micro-organisms, crystals and living things designed according to this rule imitated by artists are all examples of Allah's superior artistry. Allah reveals in the Qur'an that He has created all things with a measure. Some of these verses read:

... Allah has appointed a measure for all things. (Surat at-Talaq, 3)

... Everything has its measure with Him. (Surat ar-Ra'd, 8)

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Do You Need a 3D DVD Player to Enjoy the Full Cinematic Effects of a 3D Movie?

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If you are into cinematic-enhanced movies, you might be wondering if you will need a 3D DVD player to enjoy a 3D movie. Since most of the movies now are turning 3D, movie-goers are encouraged to watch them in the theaters! But, you might not need a DVD player just to watch 3D movies. How is this possible? You just needed the right gadgets to help you enjoy the movie at home.

Do You Need a 3D DVD Player to Enjoy the Full Cinematic Effects of a 3D Movie?

How does 3D work?

Traditionally it works by emitting light from the screen. This is best appreciated using red and blue glasses to maximize the effects. Conventional 3D movies work by using SD or Standard Definition methods.

Fast forward to the present, 3D movies now uses stereoscopic filming. Movies like Avatar and My Bloody Valentine use Digital 3D that is more detailed than conventional three dimensional movies.

You will appreciate a Digital 3D movie through High Definition TV due to its clarity.

Is it required to watch 3D movies using a 3D DVD player?

The answer is no. You can still watch 3D movies using your standard TV at home. Just get a pair of red and blue glasses and you are all set!

If you own a HDTV or a 3D DVD player, you get to enjoy a movie in 3D better. Instead of wearing colored glasses, 3D movies in HDTV is best watched using clear glasses to make the scenes 'pop-out'. It gives better results and the satisfaction might be closer to that in a cinema!

Here are some tricks to maximize your viewing pleasure:

* Heighten the brightness in your TV. If you are using standard television to watch a 3D animation, wearing those colored glasses might make the images dim. To avoid this, increase the brightness to compensate the dark shades from your glasses. This might improve the quality a bit.

* Switch off the lights: You get to experience the full cinematic effects by dimming the room. This enhances the images and projects other bright-colored scenery from the screen. It also lessens the double-vision, halo effects and improves the brightness of the effects.

* Sit closer to the television: You will get a better view and focus if you sit in front -- not on the sides. If you must, you can sit a little closer to appreciate the visuals.

So grab a good pair of red and blue glasses, pop-corn, some soda and company and enjoy a three dimensional movie today!

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Create a Virtual 3D World on Your Website

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VRML, which stands for virtual reality markup language, is a technology for animation and 3D modeling that lets you create 3D scenes for websites. A special VRML browser plug in lets you control the viewing of VRML components on web sites. Panoramas are another type of virtual reality component, similar in some ways to VRML in that the user needs a special plug in to view and control the viewing of the panoramic virtual reality component. However, unlike VRML panoramas are made up of a series of photographs stitched together to create one image that you can view entirely as you move your cursor across the image.

Create a Virtual 3D World on Your Website

Web designers add virtual reality (VR) components to web pages for several reasons, including to make web pages more interesting and interactive, and to display an item in a 3D view.

Some common formats for panoramas include Quick Time VR, VRML2, Black Diamond's Surround Video, and Infinite Pictures SmoothMove.

VRML offers uses for many types of websites, including entertainment, education, computer aided design, product marketing, virtual malls, and much more. Panoramas are useful for these same types of websites, as well as real estate and travel.

VR components offer many advantages to web site designers. They make web sites more interesting and interactive, provide more detail for objects or places than regular flat photos, there is no need for complex programming to add a VR component to your web site , and they generally have cross-platform and cross-browser compatibility. Some disadvantages include requirement of a plug in for viewing, (in many cases), long download time for some web VR components, depending on the file size and type, and the needed skills and creativity for quality output.

Many software programs, such as Caligari's TrueSpace, Micrografx Simply 3D, Silicon Graphics Internet 3D Space Builder, and Platinum Technology's VRCreator learning edition, automatically creat VRML files for you.

Some software options for panorama creation include Apple's Quick Time VR Authoring Studio, Enroute Imaging's QuickStitch 360, Video Brush Corporation's VideoBrush Panorama, Live Picture's Photo Vista, Infinite Picture's Smooth Move, Ulead's Cool 360, and Black Diamond's Surround Video.

Now, go forth and CREATE!

By M Adley

http://www.your3dsource.com

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The World of Naruto Uzumaki

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The whole manga series is based on the ninja world. It takes place in a virtual world consisting of five great nations and two-three other nations that are not so important. The main character Uzumaki Naruto resides in the hidden leaf village located in the Land of fire also know as the Konohagakure which is lead by the Hokage. The people of hidden leaf village are said to follow the will of fire. It is featured mainly during the series and most of the happenings take place there in the series.

The World of Naruto Uzumaki

The other Nations are:

Land of Wind - It hosts the Hidden village of sand lead by Kazekage.The ninjas of this village specialize in wind based Justus however it has been seen in the series that they also use puppets for fighting.The Current Kazekage.The Garra is a very good friend of Naruto.

Land of Water - It hosts the Village Hidden in Mist also known as the Bloody mist as it used the brutal methods such as killing own comrades for graduation for training. It is also home to the seven swordsmen who can wield heavy swords and have massive amount of chakra.

Land of Lightning -- It hosts the Village Hidden in the Clouds lead by the Raikage. The ninjas of this village specialize in lighting based Justus.

Land of Earth -- It hosts the Hidden village of earth lead by Tsuchikage. The ninjas of this village specialize in Earth based Justus.

The other villages that had been featured in the manga but are not that much important:-

Land of Waves - It is shown in the very beginning of the manga and the Naruto gets his real combat experience there only where his team fights one of the seven swordsman namely Zabuza. It does not have any of the hidden village.

Land of Rice - It hosts the hidden village of sound that was lead by Orochimaru. The ninjas of this village specialize in the Sound based Justus but the main purpose of this village was to act as a safe house for the Orochimaru to conduct his experiments.

Land of Star -- It hosts the hidden village of star. It was shown in the anime series not as a part of the original manga series.

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John Ratzenberger and His Roles in Pixar Movies

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John Ratzenberger is an actor most famous for his role as a mailman named Cliff Claven in the 1980s sitcom Cheers. This was the place for his funnyman lines, being the sort of Know-it-all guy with an inflated ego.

John Ratzenberger and His Roles in Pixar Movies

Ratzenberger's got a unique voice and Pixar has kind of regarded him as their good luck charm. They create a character for him to voice if one hasn't been integrated into the story at the time.

Of all the Pixar roles Ratzenberger's gotten to play, the one that's his favorite is P.T. Flea, the hot-headed ringmaster of the Circus Bugs. John loves this character because he's so on edge and unpredictable.

What are the other characters he plays in Pixar films? Let's go through the list and find out.

Toy Story, Toy Story 2 and Toy Story 3 (coming June 2010): John Ratzenberger's Pixar movie role in the Toy Story movies is Hamm the piggy bank. Hamm is pals with Mr. Potato Head and they do well together with their sarcastic wit. Hamm's a bit of a pessimist and likes to take pot shots at his fellow toys, often jumping to the wrong conclusions about them too quickly.

A Bug's Life: In the second Pixar film, as mentioned, Ratzenberger's role was that of P.T. Flea, ringmaster for the troupe of Circus Bugs. He's greedy, demanding and obsessed with money. Being a highly irritable bug, he fires the troupe after they failed the "Flaming Death" performance.

Monster's Inc.: In 2001, John Ratzenberger's role in Monsters Inc. was for The Abominable Snowman, a monster who had been banished from Monstropolis some time ago. Mike and Sulley were also banished when they discovered Henry Waternoose's agenda and were sent to the snowy Himalayan mountains where they meet Mr. Abominable. Looming and frightening at first, he quickly greets the two with "Welcome to the Himalayas!" and is a hospitable, gentle creature. Personally, he is my favorite Ratzenberger-voiced character!

Finding Nemo: The role John plays in this film is unique; it's not a single character, but a school of moonfish. Marlin and Dory cross paths with the school of moonfish as they search for a way to get to Sydney, Australia. The moonfish swim together with remarkable precision and can make pictures of such shapes as an octopus and the Sydney Opera House. They poke fun of Marlin by making his shape and moving his mouth as he explains something to Dory, whom he's upset. In the end, the moonfish make a brilliant, flashing arrow, pointing the way to the East Australian Current, the superhighway direct to Sydney.

The Incredibles: Stick around to the very end for The Incredibles, because John Ratzenberger's minor role doesn't occur until, literally, the end of the film. After the Parr family (The Incredibles) defeat the Omnidroid and Syndrome, they think they're back into a life of normal routine. As the family is leaving the track event Dash just finished, a villain named The Underminer breaks through the surface of the parking lot in an enormous drilling machine. He's a mole-like monster who declares war on peace and happiness. The Incredibles family don their masks, ready for the challenge of defeating a new bad guy.

Cars: Big, lovable and loyal, Razenberger's role on this Pixar film is Mack, a 1985 Mack Semi-Hauler who wears the red and white Rust-Eze cap and pulls the fancy, state-of-the-art container for Lightning McQueen. Even when the rest of McQueen's crew quit on him for being so arrogant and obnoxious, Mack sticks by him. McQueen later demands that Mack drive all through the night to get to LA for the tiebreaker race of the Piston Cup. Mack can barely stay awake though, and finally dozes off when a gang of street racer cars put on some pretty music. This is when the trailer door opens and Lightning McQueen's adventure begins.

Ratatouille: Ratzenberger's role for Ratatouille is in a restaurant full of colorful characters. He plays Mustafa, the head water of Gusteau's in Paris, France. Mustafa is a plump man with a thin mustache. He's great at taking orders, but only if they're off the menu. When the feared food critic Anton Ego snidely tells Mustafa to "Serve me some fresh perspective," the waiter looks like a deer caught in the headlights, frozen with fear and confusion. What's that supposed to mean, he wonders.

WALL-E: John plays John in WALL-E. John is one of the passengers aboard The Axiom starliner who is lost in his own world with holographic screens and a sedentary lifestyle. Robots wait on him every moment of the day and in the movie John mistakes WALL-E for a drink-bot and falls out of his chair. This is what "wakes" him up and the small robot introduces himself to John. Later on, John meets Mary, another passenger who has been awakened from the oblivion around her. Together they watch EVE and WALL-E space dancing outside and then they notice one another, feeling an attraction. They help one another save babies when Auto tries to take over the ship and John shows some real leadership qualities.

Up: Ratzenberger's role in this Pixar film is Tom, a construction worker on the site surrounding Carl Fredricksen's home. John relates to Tom because he used to be a house framer before his career in acting took off. Tom is friendly toward the old man Carl, and makes an offer on the house on behalf of his boss. But his answer is met with a face full of wind as Carl points the leaf blower at him. Carl then takes Tom's megaphone and insults his boss, to which Tom shouts back urgently that he's not with him. Poor Tom!

These are the Pixar Roles that John Ratzenberger has played thus far. I hope that Pixar continues this tradition along with the many other fun traditions in their animated films. The characters and roles Mr. Ratzenberger shall play in future films will be so much fun to listen for as we sit in the theater immersed in a great Pixar story.

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The History of 3D Technology

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3D technology can be traced all the way back to the beginning of photography. In 1844 David Brewster invented the Stereoscope. It was a new invention that could take photographic images in 3D. Later, Louis Jules Duboscq took that invention and improved on it. Louis took a picture of Queen Victoria using the improved technology and displayed it at the Great Exhibition in 1851. This picture became very well known throughout the world. Steroscopic cameras started to catch on and became fairly common for personal use by World War II.

The History of 3D Technology

In 1855 the Kinematascope, a stereo animation camera, was invented. It was able to create 3d motion pictures. In 1915 the first anaglyph movie was produced. Anaglyph technology used 3d glasses with 2 different color lenses that would direct an image to each eye. In 1890 William Friese-Greene, a British film pioneer, filed a patent for the 3D movie process. In 1922 the first public 3D movie, "The Power of Love", was displayed. In 1935 the first 3D Color movie was produced. The use of the technology would remain dormant for over a decade.

In the 1950s, 3D technology made a come back. During this era, TVs had become extremely popular and had started appearing in many households. In the 50s a number of 3D movies were being produced. In 1952 "Bwana Devil" by United Artists was shown across the United States. This was the first 3D movie of the 50s. The film was shot using a process called Natural Vision. This process was pitched to Hollywood studios but they all passed. A year later, in 1953, "House of Wax" was released in 3D. "Dial M for Murder" was originally planned to be released in 3D, but Alfred Hitchcock decided to release the movie in 2D to maximize profits. Not all movie theaters were equipped with the 3D technology. 3D films were also being developed outside of the United States. In 1947 The Soviet Union released their first full length 3D movie, "Robinson Crusoe".

In the 1960s a new technology called Space-Vision 3D was released. This technology took two images and printed them over each other on a single strip. Unlike previous 3D technologies, it required a single projector with a special lens. This new technology removed the need to use two cameras to display 3D movies. Two camera systems were difficult to use, because it required that the two cameras were perfectly synced. The first movie to use this technology was "The Bubble". The movie was panned by critics, but the 3D experience still brought huge audiences. It became a profitable movie, making the new technology ready for promotion to other studios.

In 1970, Allan Silliphant and Chris Condon developed Stereovision. This was a new 3D technology that put two images squeezed together side by side on a single strip of 35 mm film. This technology used a special anamorphic lens that would widen the picture using a series of polaroid filters. The first movie to be released in Stereovision was a softcore sex comedy called "The Stewardesses". The movie cost only 0,000 USD to make and it earned an amazing million in North America.

In the early 1980s many movies were released in 3D using the same process as Space Vision. Some of the movies that were released were Amityville 3-D, Friday the 13th Part III, and Jaws 3-D. In the mid 1980s, IMAX began producing documentary films in 3D. IMAx's 3D technology emphasized mathmatical correctness and this eliminated the eye fatigue that was seen in previous 3D technologies. In 1986, Canada had developed the first 3D movie that used polarized glasses. It was called "Echos of the Sun" and was created for Expo 86.

During the 1990s, many films were released in IMAX 3D. The most successful IMAX 3D film released during this time was "Into the Deep". The first IMAX 3D fiction film, "Wings of Courage" was released in 1996.

During the 2000s, many big studio movies were released in 3D. In 2003, James Cameron released Ghosts of the Abyss. This was the first full length 3D IMAX feature film. This movie used the latest IMAX 3D technology called Reality Camera System. The technology used the latest HD video cameras and was developed by Vince Pace. This same technology was used in "Spy Kids 3D: Game over", "Aliens of the Deep", and "The Adventures of Sharkboy and Lavagirl in 3-D". In 2004 the first full length animated 3D movie was released. It was called "The Polar Express". This movie was so successful in 3D that it prompted a great interest in 3D animated films. The 3D version of the film earned 14x as much per screen as the 2D version. In 2005, The Mann's Chinese 6 theater in Hollywood became the first commercial movie theater to have the Digital 3D technology. In 2007 Scar 3D was released internationally and it was the first film to be filmed using a completely digital workflow.

In 2010 Sky UK made a big push towards 3D television. On January 1st, the first 3D channel began broadcasting in South Korea. The channel displays educational shows, animated shows, sporting events, documentaries and musical performances all in 3D, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

We should expect that the use of 3D technology will continue and expand in to the normal household. Most major electronics manufacturers are planning the release of their 3D television lines. As the technology ages, expect prices to go lower and lower, and as they prices drop, more and more people will purchase 3D television sets.

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How to Keep Rabbits Out of Your Garden

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Rabbits may seem cute with their fur but they are the biggest menace in any vegetable garden. They not only chew upon vegetables like beans, lettuce or beet but they also eat away the leaves of young saplings.

How to Keep Rabbits Out of Your Garden

Some of the effective ways to keep them at bay without causing them harm are:

• The garden should be fenced with chicken wire. This must be at least 2 feet in height and 5 inches in the ground to prevent them from digging burrows to enter the garden. This must be well supported with stakes placed 6 to 8 feet apart.
• The garden can be sprinkled with clips of human hair or urine of coyotes to keep cats away.
• Chili pepper sauce diluted in water or vinegar can be sprinkled all around to repel cats.
• Flakes of hot pepper or blood meal from garden centers can be sprinkled in the garden to keep cats away.
• Cat litter is also considered effective, but this is not advisable since it contains harmful bacteria.
• One can intentionally plant clover or weeds of plantain in a separate pocket which will attract rabbits while keeping them away from the garden.
• Onions planted in one or two rows around the garden is also effective in repelling rabbits with its strong scent.
• Strong scented soaps placed in the garden are equally effective in repelling rabbits.
• Ultrasonic devices that can detect intrusion by animals and spray water jets on them are effective in keeping not just rabbits but other animals also at bay.

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3D Animation Movie Maker - The Evolution of Making Animations at Home

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I guess a lot of people would like to make their own movies. By that I mean to go beyond editing together movie clips taken while on holiday, to making movies which tell a story. In most cases professional actors are expensive and most friends don't make good actors. This is why making a 3D animation movie is a satisfying low cost alternative.

3D Animation Movie Maker - The Evolution of Making Animations at Home

I remember a holiday movie my father made in the 1950s. It had an animated title filmed, like the rest of the movie on 8mm celluloid film. When I asked him about it, he told me he had put his camera in a clamp pointing at the floor. He then created the first letter of the title using a piece of string and filmed it for a couple of seconds, then he created the second letter and so on. It was several days later, when the film came back from the developing laboratory that he discovered that his desk lamp had not really been adequate to illuminate his work properly.

Then along came computers. It took a while before computers got good at graphics, even stationary ones. But of course they did eventually get good, not only at rendering still scenes, but also animations. Unfortunately Hollywood studios being able to afford high powered hardware and software did not make it accessible to the amateur movie maker.

The high price of professional 3D animation software led to the concept of Machinima. In Machinima inexpensive computer games are used to record 3D animated movie clips. Some computer games have a camera or record function built into them, and for others which do not, there are additional utilities such as Fraps, which can be used for recording the game action.

Popular Machinima games include Quake, Unreal Tournament and SIMS 2. These games come with the ability to design your own sets and characters, either as part of the main game itself or using utilities, which are provided with the game. Admittedly getting exactly the movie clips you want from these games can be challenging. I never did find out how to part characters in Unreal Tournament or Quake from their guns, which meant unless you wanted to make a shoot 'em up movie, they were not ideal. No doubt obstacles like this could be overcome, but it seemed you could not get very far unless you were prepared to get immersed in scripting language.

Of the three games I have mentioned, SIMS 2, is probably the easiest to use for making Machinima, except that the characters, or in our case actors, tend to have minds of their own. So your movie star may wander off part way through filming, or someone else you don't recognize, might suddenly turn up and disrupt the scene you are shooting. With SIMS 2 you might even find your movie set spontaneously combusting during filming if you forgot to buy fire insurance. Perhaps this is like movie making in real life, but I would prefer not to have to put up with all of these uncertainties.

So you may wonder why no one has produced a budget software product, specifically for the purpose of making 3D animations at home. In fact Microsoft did exactly that in the mid 1990s with a product called 3D Movie Maker, which they targeted at the kids market. However the product was designed for early PCs, so it was pretty basic, on most home PCs it was slow, and it was soon discontinued.

Recently there has been recognition of this unfulfilled need. Reallusion in particular, has developed a 3D animation movie maker called iClone. This software is pretty much a dream come true for anyone who wants to tell a story using 3D animation. In its basic form it costs about the same as a new top end computer game, while the more advanced and more useful Pro version is still very reasonable.

Although you could make a whole movie in iClone, I find it is best to use it to construct a series of 3D animation movie clips and to then edit them together using Microsoft Movie Maker, which comes as part of Windows, or using a more advanced home movie editing suite such as Pinnacle Studio.

Other key points to note about iClone are that if you want to get up and running very quickly, there is a good library of actors, scenes and props, which you can purchase to add to the collection, which comes with the program itself. On the other hand if you are short of cash and prefer to build everything yourself and have plenty of time to spare, you can do that too using the tools included in the software.

One optional utility, which I recommend purchasing bundled with the iClone, is Reallusion's 3DXchange. This allows you to import content from other sources, including Google 3D Warehouse, which is a fantastic resource full of free models of buildings and other props, to enhance your 3D animations.

I find it amazing to think that with a budget of less than ,000 I can now purchase a PC and the software required to make 3D animation movies, when twenty years ago I would have needed $ millions for less capable facilities. 

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The Tsunami: A Wake-up Call

3D ANIMATION :

In looking back on the year that has just ended--a year filled with the horrors of war and of natural disasters such as last fall's hurricanes--one would have to be callous not to mention the earthquake and tsunamis. The devastation seems to get worse every hour as new reports, images, and statistics come in. Yet from the moment it happened the day after Christmas, one felt that in spite of the tremendous destruction that was unleashed, God was and is at work, even if his plan has not yet been revealed to us.

The Tsunami: A Wake-up Call

The sheer magnitude of this event cannot be comprehended by the human mind. So let us not get caught up in the number of the dead, the injured, the missing and the homeless. We need to become quiet in order to really take in what has happened; we need to ask ourselves, "What is it that God is saying to the whole world?"

The tsunamis show us that we are not in control of our lives, though God is. Death snatched away rich and poor, tourist and native, with no respect for who they were. There was no time for final goodbyes.

Having been in India, Thailand, Indonesia, and Malaysia--all nations that have been hit by the tsunamis--this disaster affects me personally. I have seen the poverty these people live under even in the best of times. What hits hardest is the untold number of children who died. Many of them will never even be found. Picture their parents' grief!

As tens of thousands of bereaved families mourn the loved ones they have lost, one wonders, "Why does God allow this to happen? Why, if death is his mortal enemy, does he allow it to destroy so many people?" In this life we may never find a satisfactory answer to that question. Yet we must still hang on to our faith that God is Love, and that no dark power can ever overcome him, even though, at a time like this, it looks as if that is the case. We must remember God's promise that one day, every tear will be dried.

Only time will tell if this disaster is a taste of similar things to come. One cannot but think of the "bowls of the wrath of God on the earth" that are foretold in the Book of Revelation. One thing is certain: we cannot just go on living as usual. Life is too precious, and as this event has shown us, it can be over in an instant.

We do not need to weep for those who have died. They are all with God, as we are told: "Blessed are the dead who die in the Lord... They will rest from their labors, and their works will follow them." We need to weep and pray for all those who remain alive, for the millions who are suffering hunger and thirst, and facing diseases such as cholera and malaria. Many will surely suffer excruciating deaths.

Meanwhile, we ought to ask ourselves how much time we are still spending considering the meaning of this disaster and praying about it. Only a week has gone by since it occurred, but many people have already returned to petty pursuits like hunting for post-Christmas bargains at the mall. Even on the news, this event is beginning to fade--it's back to Janet Jackson.

We care so little about the rest of the human race. Nothing matters as long as it isn't us. Yet it could be us next time; it is an eleventh-hour warning. So few of us take that to heart.

World leaders have criticized our president for his initial lame pledge of support for the countries stricken by the tsunamis. What would happen if we counteracted their justified concern by pulling all of our troops out of Iraq and Afghanistan, and sending them on to southern Asia to provide disaster relief?

Our supposedly Christian nation pumps billions of dollars into military-related technology and into the war against terror. Yet if we would have spent a fraction of that on a wave warning system, millions of lives could have been saved. In this case, animals were smarter than human beings--they sensed what was coming and headed to higher ground.

It is true that dozens of relief organizations and national governments are now pouring aid into the affected region. Yet even all that will only be a drop in the bucket. May all of us who live in relative comfort be stirred to action and remember that in God's eyes, every deed of love to our neighbor--near or far--is of utmost importance. In light of this disaster, what does that mean? Are we grateful for what we have? Do we and our children thank God every night for a warm house, for food, and work?

A word of comfort to those who have lost loved ones, or are still searching for them: I believe the sky above the Indian Ocean was filled with angels bringing all these souls to God. To me, the fact that this earthquake struck just a day after Christmas is significant. It reminds us that we need to re-learn what it means to bow to the Child in the manger. Herod and the powerful of Jerusalem were so frightened of this little child, that he ordered the slaughter of innocent children.

In light of the current world situation, we could be frightened too. But as we are reminded in these lines from Psalm 46, we have a place to turn:

God is our refuge and our strength, a very present help in trouble.
Therefore we shall not be afraid, even though the earth be removed;
and though mountains are carried into the midst of the sea... though its waters are troubled and roar; though mountains shake with its swelling; though nations rage, and kingdoms are moved.... Be still, and know that I am God; I will be exalted among the nations! The Lord of Hosts is with us forever. The God of Jacob is our refuge.

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UV Tattoo - Commonly Called a Glow in the Dark Tattoo

3D ANIMATION :

UV tattoos are an alternative to regular, or common, tattoo ink. Commonly known as a glow in the dark tattoo, or black light tattoo, UV tattoos project a bright color under a black light. . UV stands for "ultraviolet" and it is a type of radiation, or light, which is nearly invisible to the human eye. Ultraviolet tattoos do not simply "glow in the dark," they require the use of a black light. Clubs, concerts and bowling alleys are places that commonly use black lights. Two main benefits of black light tattoos are listed below:

UV Tattoo - Commonly Called a Glow in the Dark Tattoo

Virtually invisible in daylight: The basic color of UV ink usually matches the skin after the tattoo has fully healed. This means that you will be able to go to work with a tattoo, in a visible area, without people noticing your tattoo. This will allow a business "professional" to appear businesslike during the day, but still have the ability to be a party-animal at night. If you are worried about visible tattoos hindering your career, but still love art on your skin, a UV tattoo is a good choice. Also, if you decide to get someone's name inked on your skin, and break up with the person, the tattoo will only be visible under black light.

Variety of colors available: In addition to the basic color of black light ink which is virtually undetectable during daylight, there are many other colors available that are visible in daylight. For instance, you can have a tattoo of a yellow sun, which is visible in daylight, but will also glow under black light. Each color of UV ink will glow a different color under a black light. This will give you added creativity when choosing ink colors for your tattoo.

The flexibility of UV tattoos is endless. You can select to have a tattoo outlined in black light ink or have an entire tattoo created in UV ink, the choice is yours. Any design that can be applied in regular tattoo ink can be created with ink that is visible under black lights. Good luck on your future tattoo adventures!

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The Social Anxiety Diet

3D ANIMATION :

The mind and body are inextricably linked. There are virtually no exceptions where what you do to one does not have an impact on the other. In this article I will be looking at the impact of diet on social anxiety. The social anxiety diet is all about what you should and should not be eating in order to help put your mind in the best possible position to start recovery.

The Social Anxiety Diet

Everyone has heard of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates, not everyone however has been given good advice on which of these should be consumed and in what quantity. I believe that we should all eat as close an approximation as possible to what our ancestors ate before the agricultural revolution. I say this because this is the way our bodies ate for millions of years, it is only in very recent times (the last 10,000 years or so) that our diets switched to include grains which is not enough time to adapt.

To start with lets look at protein. Protein is an essential building block for our bodies. If we didn't eat protein we would very quickly die. If we don't eat enough protein our bodies don't have the building blocks they need in order to build and repair not only our muscle tissue but also a lot of the other tissues in the body as well. Protein should be obtained from sources like organic free range grass fed animals. This is the healthiest for us and contains large amounts of the essential fatty acid omega 3. In animals that have been grain fed there is a much higher ratio of omega 6 to omega 3. While omega 6 is essential you ideally want a 2:1 ratio of 3:6 which grain fed meat will not give you. One side effect of omega 6 is that it causes harmful inflammation in the body. Aim to eat 1 gram of protein per pound of your lean body weight.

Fats, especially saturated fats, are extremely misunderstood and that all started with a study done in the 1950's by a scientist called Ancel Keys. He set out to try and prove a correlation between saturated fat and heart disease. The study is called "the 7 countries study" and indeed it does show a correlation, however in order to prove the correlation Ancel had to cherry pick the 7 countries he knew would prove him right out of the 22 countries he studied. All the other countries showed no correlation. Saturated fats (like those found in lard, dripping, butter, and ghee) should account for 60%+ of your daily calories and can be consumed in any amount. "Fat free" and "low fat" are very heart unhealthy!

Carbohydrates occur in any diet that is low fat. Carbohydrate is the only macro-nutrient that has only a single function within the body which is to give energy (fats and proteins both form building blocks and give energy). Carbohydrates regardless of what you may have heard are actually very bad for your health. Sugar is toxic (there is around 1 teaspoon of glucose in the 8 pints of blood you have), carbohydrates are sugars joined together in a long "chain", when they break down in your digestive system they break down back into the simple sugars found in any sugar covered sweet. Carbohydrates cause instability of the chemicals in your brain, which is exactly what you don't want if you're trying to cure social anxiety.

In the social anxiety diet you should look at getting as much nutrition from whole natural organic foods as possible. Try to eliminate grains from your diet as they are full of carbohydrates and going back to my first point, not only cause damage to the body but also to the mind as well.

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Context Is King

3D ANIMATION :

A typical translation might involve any of the following:

Context Is King

- contracts

- technical manuals

- websites

- marketing material

- letters

And of course many many more. The one thing that all of these examples share is context. Any text that requires translating is clearly part of the "whole". The translator knows exactly how any given word, sentence, paragraph, page, or chapter fits into the whole work. It is in context.

However, there is demand for translations which do not benefit from such rich context. For example:

- word lists

- dictionaries

- keywords

- software messages

Imagine you are presented with an excel file containing a long list of words in alphabetical order that need translating. How do you know how to translate the following words, for example:

- Bug (is it a small irritating animal, an illness for a person, an problem with a computer? Is it a noun or a verb?)
- Copy (is this a verb? Or is it a noun referring to a piece of writing for publication?)

And so on. So the key is to find a way of creating context. Here are some examples of word list type translations and the way in which context could be created:

1. Translating lists of words that are used to categorise images.

- For each word in the list, type it into an image search engine and see what the most common results are.

2. Translating dictionary or glossary entries

- Ask the originator of the material to provide a sample sentence showing the meaning of the word that requires translation

3. Software messages

- Use the software, or work with an experienced user of the software to understand exactly when and where each message might pop up.

4. Keywords for search engines

- Think about what the keywords are actually used for. Try searching for them in the relevant search engine. What comes up? What are the keywords trying to achieve? This should guide the translation.

5. Multilingual word lists

- Do translations already exist in any other languages? Have these translations been approved? If so, then they can provide guidance as to the required translation for the other languages.

Of course there is no substitute for asking the originator of the material to provide context or just talking to them! A translator can provide multiple options for translation, each with explanations so that the end user of the translations can best choose which translation is the most appropriate.

The bottom line is that translation is more than just translating words - context is king, and proper context will always help to produce the most appropriate translations. If there is not any obvious context, then the task of the translator, project manager, and person commissioning the work is to try to create context to maximize the likelihood of producing the correct and appropriate translations.

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Custom Website Design - The Programs

3D ANIMATION :

I've said it before, but it bears repeating: A website is a program. Potentially, it can be quite the powerful program. Organization and calculation, interactivity and animation, communication and customization. A skilled web designer can create surprisingly versatile programs using nothing more than notepad. Web-based programs offer significant utility since they can be accessed from anywhere, making them beneficial in and of themselves. When included as part of a custom website, however, these creations can become all the more useful.

Custom Website Design - The Programs

It's the classic goal of customization, now expanded to include actual business improvement. Optimizing for yourself has always been the key, and nowhere is this more clear than in online programming. It's not about having a system that can organize sales, track payroll, and create invoices with a few mouse clicks while storing all the information in a database. There's that too, but the custom program can be adapted to your specific needs. It can be designed for you personally.

Custom on-line programs can also interact smoothly with other web-based technology. And, of course, all the various programs can be created to work together with each improving the others, so that your forum, online store, payroll calculator, invoice generator, and whatever other functions you have at work can all play part of the larger role. The result is added automation and simplicity, easing the daily tasks of running your business. And, as your needs change, so can your program.

Not only that, but these functions can all be driven by the same website you are using to attract new leads and inform your audience, and they can drive the very same. The greatest advantage of having these customized functions is that they can all be built to work with every other aspect of your website. This is why when you are getting on-line programs, the best options is to have them custom made. It's not simply about the results of a single program, but the dynamic interactivity of every page and function, every database and calculator.

It's even better if your designer is available to make updates, or, more advantageous still, a permanent part of your team. At that stage, you can add to the program whenever you need to. This extra ability to improve the functions as needed is a big part of the advantage of these tools. Programs, by their nature, are intended to do certain jobs in certain ways, and users simply have to work in the manner required if they want to make effective use of the tools provided. This hindrance is greatly reduced when customization and adaptability are brought into play; if a certain aspect of the program is hard to use or inefficient, simply change it.

All in all, on-line programming is an important reason to look into custom website design. These valuable devices allow you to use your website to improve your business even before it provides its first lead. You won't be getting to the top of the search engines instantaneously; search engine optimization takes significant time and effort. Ideally, you will be benefitting significantly from a custom site long before then. Web programming is what makes that ideal possible.

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